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Rosa Lee Parks (February 4, 1913–October 24, 2005) was an African American seamstress and figure in the American Civil Rights Movement, most famous for her refusal in 1955 to give up a bus seat to a white man when ordered to do so by the bus driver. Parks' refusal came in an era when African Americans were often lynched for 'stepping out of line', and it became a pivotal point in American history.